General Information

  • ID:  hor006407
  • Uniprot ID:  P22858
  • Protein name:  Osteostatin
  • Gene name:  Pthlh
  • Organism:  Mus musculus (Mouse)
  • Family:  Parathyroid hormone family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Mus (subgenus), Mus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea , Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0051428 peptide hormone receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0001501 skeletal system development; GO:0001958 endochondral ossification; GO:0002062 chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0002076 osteoblast development; GO:0007189 adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007492 endoderm development; GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation; GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression; GO:0010960 magnesium ion homeostasis; GO:0016485 protein processing; GO:0030282 bone mineralization; GO:0032330 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0032331 negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0043129 surfactant homeostasis; GO:0048286 lung alveolus development; GO:0055062 phosphate ion homeostasis; GO:0055074 calcium ion homeostasis; GO:0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation; GO:0060649 mammary gland bud elongation; GO:0060659 nipple sheath formation; GO:0061182 negative regulation of chondrocyte development
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005634 nucleus; GO:0005654 nucleoplasm; GO:0005737 cytoplasm; GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus; GO:0005829 cytosol

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  TRSAWPSTAASGLLEDPLPHTSRTSLEPSLR
  • Length:  31
  • Propeptide:  MLRRLVQQWSVLVFLLSYSVPSRGRSVEGLGRRLKRAVSEHQLLHDKGKSIQDLRRRFFLHHLIAEIHTAEIRATSEVSPNSKPAPNTKNHPVRFGSDDEGRYLTQETNKVETYKEQPLKTPGKKKKGKPGKRREQEKKKRRTRSAWPSTAASGLLEDPLPHTSRTSLEPSLRTH
  • Signal peptide:  MLRRLVQQWSVLVFLLSYSVPSRG
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport. Regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth. Required for skeletal homeostasis. Promotes mammary mesenchyme differentiation and bud outgrowth by modulating mesenchymal cell responsiveness to BMPs. Up-regulates BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme and this increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion. BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  Pth1r
  • Target Unid:  P41593
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P22858-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006407_AF2.pdbhor006407_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 386995 Formula: C144H233N43O48
Absent amino acids: CFIKMNQVY Common amino acids: S
pI: 7.55 Basic residues: 4
Polar residues: 11 Hydrophobic residues: 9
Hydrophobicity: -58.39 Boman Index: -6914
Half-Life: 7.2 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 72.58
Instability Index: 6490.97 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 5500
Absorbance 280nm: 183.33

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2249778
  • Title:  Structure of the mouse gene encoding parathyroid hormone-related peptide.
  • PubMed ID:  15489334
  • Title:  The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
  • PubMed ID:  17301089
  • Title:  BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction.
  • PubMed ID:  20501677
  • Title:  Phospholipase C signaling via the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor is essential for normal bone responses to PTH.